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Module Catalogue
 Module Code: TRAM054  Module Title: APPLIED LINGUISTIC PRINCIPLES
Module Provider: Language & Translation Studies Short Name: TRAM054 Previous Short Name: TRAM054
Level: M Module Co-ordinator: BRAUN S Dr (Lang & Trans)
Number of credits: 15 Number of ECTS credits: 7.5
 
Module Availability
Spring semester
Assessment Pattern
Unit(s) of Assessment
Weighting Towards Module Mark (%)
 
 
1 essay of 4000-5000 words towards the end of the Autumn semester
100%
Module Overview
Drawing on pragmatic models of communication, this module will help students to develop an understanding of how verbal language and other modes of communication are used for the creation and comprehension of meaning. Particular emphasis will be on the application of relevant communication models to the various forms of audiovisual translation.
Prerequisites/Co-requisites
First degree in English, an appropriate language or equivalent.
Module Aims
In this module students will be provided with a linguistic framework which will support them in making interpretive judgements in the processes of audiovisual translation.
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this module, students will be able to:
  • analyse speech as a component of audiovisual material in a systematic way;
  • demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between spoken and written language as the basis of transferring communications between different modes;
  • understand language-based communication in the context of multimodal communication;
  • make informed decisions about the production of audiovisual outputs (subtitles; audiodescriptions) based on knowledge of how language is processed in both written and spoken modes;
  • apply a systematic understanding of language use to the production of audiovisual outputs;
  • use their understanding of intercultural aspects of language-based communication in order to identify appropriate solutions in the audiovisual context;
  • use the knowledge acquired as a theoretical framework for the MA dissertation.
Module Content
The module will deal with the following topics:

Language-based communication:
  • The origin of speakers and language variation (functional/regional/social and individual variation; register/dialect/sociolect/idiolect; standard vs non-standard language);
  • Spoken vs written language; characteristic features of spoken language; prosodic vs graphic features; grammatical differences; lexical differences;
  • Current developments in English (global English; 'McEnglish').
Conversation as the most basic form of language-based communication:
  • Structural aspects of conversation (the ethnomethodology of talk; adjacency pairs; interruption and overlaps; openings and closings, sequencing, silence; cross-cultural comparison);
  • Participant roles (symmetrical/asymmetrical role relationships; permanency/non-permanency; formal/informal).
Language-based communication in the context of multimodal communication and audiovisual translation:
  • Getting the message across (expressing and implying meaning);
  • The Co-operative Principle (observing conversational maxims; non-observance; flouting maxims; conversational implicature);
  • The Principle of Relevance (optimal relevance; explicatures and implicatures);
  • Indirectness (Speech Act Theory, Politeness Theory, 'face-saving'; cross-cultural comparison);
  • Humour, irony and metaphor (sources; models; cross-cultural comparison.
In the discussion of the above models of communication models, particular emphasis will be on their application to the various forms of audiovisual translation.
Methods of Teaching/Learning
The module will consist of a combination of lectures and tutorials. There is an opportunity for discussion during and at the end of lectures. Guidance on researching and writing essay assignments will be given in tutorials.
The module will involve twenty four hours class contact over the semester.
Selected Texts/Journals
Aitchison J (1987) Linguistics. Hodder & Stoughton, 3rd ed.
Aitchison J (1994) Words in the mind. An introduction to the Mental Lexicon. Oxford: Blackwell.
Anderman G & Rogers M (eds) (1996) Words, Words, Words – The Translator and the Language Learner. Cleveland: Multilingual Matters.
Anderman G & Rogers M (eds) (1999) Word, Text, Translation. Cleveland: Multilingual Matters.
Atkinson, J. M. and P. Drew (eds.) (1984) Structures of Social Action. Studies in Conversation Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Baker M & Malmkjær K (eds) (1997) Encyclopaedia of Translation Studies. London: Routledge.
Blakemore, D (1992) Understanding Utterances. Oxford: Blackwell.
Brown, G & Yule, G (1983) Discourse Analysis. Cambridge: CUP.
Brown, P. and Levinson, S. (1987) Politeness: Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cameron, D. (2001) Working with Spoken Discourse. London: Sage.
Delabastita D (ed.) (1996) The Translator 2, no. 2, special issue ‘Wordplay in Translation’.
Drew, P. and J. Heritage (eds.) (1992) Talk at Work: Interaction in Institutional Settings. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goffman, E. (1981) Forms of Talk. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press.
Grundy, P. (1995) Doing Pragmatics. Great Britain: Edward Arnold.
Gudykunst, W. and Ting-Toomey, S. (1988) Culture and Interpersonal Communication. California: Sage Publications.
Gumperz, J & Levinson, S. (1996) Rethinking Linguistic Relativity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Halliday, M.A.K. (1985) Spoken and Written Language. Victoria: Deakin University Press.
Hatim B & Mason J (1989) Discourse and the Translator. London: Longman.
Hatim, B & Mason, I (1997) The Translator as communicator. London: Routledge.
Holtgraves, T (2002) Language as Social Action: Social Psychology and Language Use. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Hönig H & Kussmaul P (1993) Strategie der Übersetzung. Tübingen: Narr.
Hönig H (1997) ‘Positions, Power and Practice: Functionalist Approaches and Translation Quality Assessment’, Current Issues in Language and Society, vol 4, no 1, pp.6-34.
Leech, G (1983) Principles of Pragmatics. Essex: Longman.
Leppihalme R (1997) Culture Bumps. An Empirical Approach to the Translation of Allusions. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
Levinson, S (1983) Pragmatics.  Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mey, J (1993) Pragmatics. An Introduction.  Oxford: Blackwell.
Neubert A (1993) Translation as Text. Ohio & London: Kent State University Press
Newmark P (1988) Approaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Newmark P (1991) A Textbook of Translation. London: Prentice Hall.
Nord C (1997) Translating as a Purposeful Activity. Manchester: St Jerome.
Reiss K & Vermeer H J (1984) Grundlegung einer allgemeinen Translationstheorie. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Schriffin, D. (1994) Approaches to Discourse. Oxford: Blackwell.
Snell-Hornby M (1990) Translation Studies – an integrated approach. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: Benjamins.
Tannen, D (1984) Conversational Style: Analyzing Talk Among Friends. Norwood: NJ Ablex.
Thomas, J (1995) Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. London: Longman.
Toury G (1980) Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Venuti L (1995) The Translator’s Invisibility. London: Routledge.
Venuti L (ed.) (2000) The Translation Studies Reader. London: Routledge.
Verschueren, J. (1999) Understanding Pragmatics. London: Arnold.
Vinay J P & Darbelnet J (1958) Stylistique comparée du français et de l’anglais. Paris: Didier. Also available in English, tr. Sager J (1995).
Wierzbicka, A. (1991) Cross-Cultural Pragmatics: The Semantics of Human Interaction. Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs 53. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Wilson, D & Sperber, D (2004) Relevance Theory. In Horn, Laurence & Ward, Gregory (Eds) The Handbook of Pragmatics. Oxford: Blackwell, 607-632. (http://www.dan.sperber.com/relevance_theory.htm)
Wilss W (1981) The Science of Translation. Tübingen: Narr.
Yule, G (1996) Pragmatics. Oxford: OUP.
Yule, G (2001) The study of language. Oxford: OUP.
 
Journals:
Babel
Lebende Sprachen
The Linguist
Meta
Perspectives
Target
Traduire
The Translator
Last Updated

27 August 2008

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